How Forest Loss Contributes to Climate Change and Elevated Temperatures
Montane forests in Africa are crucial for providing fresh water to millions of people in the lowlands. However, deforestation has led to the loss of these forests, resulting in a rise in temperature and cloud levels. This has a negative impact on water resources and Biodiversity.
Research has shown that as much as 18% of Africa’s montane forests have been lost in the last two decades, leading to a significant increase in air temperature and cloud level. This change in cloud level affects water harvesting, as fog deposited on the forest canopy is essential for water supply.
Studies conducted in Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia, and South Africa have highlighted the importance of forested mountain tops in water storage and distribution. Forested areas receive more water compared to open lands, as trees capture fog and moisture. Key water towers in Kenya include Mt. Kenya, the Mau Forest, and Mt. Kilimanjaro, which also provides water to neighboring countries like Tanzania.
Deforestation poses a threat to Biodiversity and water supply in African montane forests. Large-scale tree cover loss can offset the cooling effect of elevation, leading to comparable warming at higher elevations. Urgent action is needed to protect these forests and ensure sustainable Ecosystem Services.
The study, conducted by scientists from various universities and research institutions, used satellite observations and in-situ measurements to analyze the impact of deforestation on temperature and cloud level. Funding for the research was provided by the European Commission through the ESSA project.
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Michael Thompson earned his degree in Agricultural Engineering from Purdue University in the USA, specializing in precision agriculture and smart farming technologies. His work revolves around the development of automated systems that increase farm efficiency and reduce environmental impact. Michael is now a senior engineer at a leading agri-tech company, where he designs innovative solutions for modern agriculture.